Base de datos de plantas del FNPS

Ilex opaca

American holly
  • Photo by: Shirley Denton, Suncoast Chapter FNPS

Nomenclatura

Nombre común:

American holly

Sinónimo(s):

Especie del género:

Ilex opaca

Familia:

Aquifoliaceae

Especificaciones de la planta

Forma:

tree

Tamaño:

40-60 ft tall by 15-25 ft wide

Esperanza de vida:

Long-lived perennial

Color de la flor:

white

Color de la fruta:

red

Fenología:

Evergreen. Blooms in spring. Fruits ripen in fall and persist into winter.

Destacado por:

Showy Fruits, Hurricane Wind Resistance, Interesting Foliage

Paisajismo

Usos recomendados:

Specimen tree.  Screen.  

Consideraciones:

Sharp spines (teeth) on leaves.

Disponibilidad:

Quality Nurseries, Native Nurseries, FNPS Plant Sales, Seed

Propagación:

Softwood cuttings started in spring. Seeds of most holly species require 2-3 years of dormancy before they will germinate.

Luz:

Part Sun, Shade

Tolerancia a la humedad:

Siempre inundado---------------------------------Extremadamente seco

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Usually moist, occasional inundation -a- Somewhat long very dry periods

Tolerancia a inundaciones por agua salada:

Unknown

Tolerancia a la niebla salina/suelo salado:

Low/no tolerance of salty wind or direct salt spray

Suelo u otro sustrato:

Sand, Loam

pH del suelo:

Acidic to neutral

Apto para cultivo en:

8A,8B,9A,9B,10A

Las zonas del USDA se basan en la temperatura mínima extrema invernal anual promedio.

¿No conoces tu zona? Haz clic aquí para buscar por código postal.

Acreditado en:

Distribution
Vouchered
Not vouchered
Selected
Click a county The county name will appear here.
No county distribution is available for this plant yet.
Starting…
Map coded by Melissa Fernandez-de Cespedes (Paynes Prairie Chapter)

Ecología

Fauna:

Pollinators, Birds

Bees pollinate flowers. 

Fruits are eaten by birds.

Hábitats nativos:

Upland woods, second bottom but will not tolerate long flooding. Often an understory plant.


Documented in Lee County in a site likely to be natural. Documented in Palm Beach County in an urbanizing area where likely to be a garden escape.

Área de distribución natural en Florida:

Comentarios:

Etnobotánica:

The wood is pale, tough, close-grained, takes a good polish, and is used for handles, engraving blocks, and cabinet work. It can also be dyed and used as a substitute for ebony. Fruits are poisonous to humans.

Comentarios generales:

Both male and female plants required for pollination and seed set.

FNPS Plant Print

Citas:

Burns, Russell M., and Barbara H. Honkala [Technical coordinators]. (1990). Silvics of North America: Volume 2. Hardwoods. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook 654. ( https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/1548 ). Accessed 2025.


Fox, Laurie, and Joel Koci. (2021). Trees and Shrubs that Tolerate Saline Conditions. ( https://www.pubs.ext.vt.edu/430/430-031/430-031.html ). Accessed 2026. Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.


Haehle, Robert G. and Joan Brookwell. (1999). Native Florida Plants. Gulf Publishing Company. Houston, TX.


Huegel, Craig N. (2010). Native Plant Landscaping for Florida Wildlife. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.


Nelson, Gil. (2003). Florida's Best Landscape Plants: 200 Readily Available Species for Homeowners and Professionals. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.


Osorio, Rufino. (2001). A Gardener's Guide to Florida's Native Plants. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.


University of Tennessee Extension Service. (2010). Desired pH Range and salt tolerance of common nursery plants. ( https://plantsciences.tennessee.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/25/2021/10/Desired-pH-Range-List.pdf ). Accessed 2026. University of Tennessee Extension, Knoxville.


Watkins, John and Thomas Sheehan. (1975). Florida Landscape Plants, Native and Exotic. University Presses of Florida, Gainesville.


Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. (1999+). Atlas of Florida Plants. ( https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/ ). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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