FNPS Plant Database

Baccharis halimifolia

groundsel tree, sea myrtle, salt bush

PHOTOS COMING SOON!

Nomenclature

Common Name:

groundsel tree, sea myrtle, salt bush

Synonym(s):

Genus species:

Baccharis halimifolia

Family:

Asteraceae (Compositae)

Plant Specifics

Form:

shrub

Size:

7-15 ft tall by 5-7 ft wide

Life Span:

Long-lived perennial

Flower Color:

white,yellow

Fruit Color:

white

Phenology:

Deciduous in northern Florida and evergreen from the central peninsula south. Blooms in late summer and fall. Dioecious. Showy fruits on female plants in late fall.

Noted For:

Showy Fruits

Landscaping

Recommended Uses:

Specimen plant in casual settings.  Also useful as a natural screen or buffer plant. Rain gardens or bioswales.



The primary horticultural feature is the silvery, plume-like achenes which appear in the fall on female plants. The fruits can provide a white haze for several weeks in the fall.

Considerations:

Weak wood. Seed is wind disbursed and may become weedy.

Availability:

Native Nurseries, Seed, Friends

Propagation:

Seed. Salt bush is dioecious, that is, both a male and female plant are necessary for seed production.  Readily self seeds.

Light:

Full Sun

Moisture Tolerance:

Always Flooded------------------------------------------------Extremely Dry

Coming Soon!

Usually moist, occasional inundation ---to--- Not wet but not extremely dry

Salt Water Flooding Tolerance:

Unknown

Salt Spray/Salty Soil Tolerance:

Some tolerance to salty wind but not direct salt spray

Soil or Other Substrate:

Sand, Loam

Soil pH:

slightly acidic to calcareous

Suitable to Grow In:

8A,8B,9A,9B,10A,10B,11

USDA zones are based on the average annual extreme minimum winter temperature.



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Ecology

Wildlife:

Pollinators

Although primary wind pollinated, it attracts bees including  Colletes mandibularis, C. simulans, C. thysanellae, Agapostemon splendens, Augochlorella aurata, Augochloropsis metallica, Dialictus miniatulus, D. nymphalis, Halictus ligatus, Sphecodes heraclei, Apis mellifera (honeybee) (Deyrup et al. 2002).  Also said to attract butterflies.

Seeds are wind dispersed but also eaten by small birds and other wildlife.

Native Habitats:

Coastal uplands and disturbed moist inland area.

Natural Range in Florida:

Comments:

Ethnobotany:

General Comments:

Fruiting late in the fall, the fruits during the fall add substantial interest to a casual garden. 



Baccharis glomerulifolia is similar in appearance and in potential cultural uses.

Citations:

Deyrup, Mark; Jayanthi Edirisinghe, and Beth Norden.  2002. The diversity and floral hosts of bees at the Archbold Biological Station, Florida (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). Insecta Mundi. 544.  https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/544



Haehle, Robert G. and Joan Brookwell.  1999.  Native Florida Plants.  Gulf Publishing Company.  Houston, TX.



Institute for Regional Conservation.  Accessed 2021.  Natives for Your Neighborhood.   https://www.regionalconservation.org/beta/nfyn/plantdetail.asp?tx=Bacchali.



Nelson, Gil.  2003.  Florida's Best Landscape Plants. Association of Florida Native Nurseries.



Osorio, Rufino. 2001. A gardener's guide to Florida's native Plants.  University Press of Florida, Gainesville, FL.



University of Tennessee Extension Service.  Desired Ph Range and salt tolerance of common nursery plants.    https://extension.tennessee.edu/mtnpi/Documents/handouts/Fertility/Desired-pH-Range-List.pdf   accessed 2021.



Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2021. Atlas of Florida Plants ( http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu /).  Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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